Company Law, Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Company Law, Business Law - Essay Example Adam does have several options that he can choose should he decide. Adam can decide to accept the decisions of the board of directors and understand that they do not need the approval of shareholders for certain high-value transactions. The magnitude of special resolutions will determine whether the board of directors would have needed the approval of the shareholders. Further, Adam has the option as a stockholder and a member of the general public to trade his shares publicly, or he also has the option of selling his shares of the company to the majority of the shareholders who agree with the special resolutions that were implemented by the board of directors. In the case of First American Bank v. Shivers, Robert W. Shivers, a shareholder, voted against a merger agreement with FABM Acquisition Bank. He and his fellow shareholders comprised less than the number of bank shareholders needed to defeat the proposal. Adam also has the right to propose questions to the board of directors r egarding the two recent special resolutions. ... Further, Anton does enter into a contract with a local computing company that is operated by one of his friends. During the business transactions, Anton receives a laptop computer and gives it to his son as a birthday present. Samantha is very satisfied with the quality of her new IT system; however, she does discover that Anton has received a laptop computer, and has given it to his son as a birthday present. Samantha should confront Anton about the situation with the laptop computer, and instruct him that he cannot personally give merchandise to his family and friends that have been acquired within the business. Samantha should also instruct Anton to retrieve the laptop computer that he has given to his son. Anton should return the laptop computer of the local computing business if it was given to him as a favor because the company is operated by one of his friends. If the laptop computer was given to Anton for company use, then he still needs to retrieve the laptop computer, and i t needs to be used by Samantha's company for business use. In the case of IBG Insurance Services Corp v. Superior Court - No. 3153400 (Cal. Ct. App. 2002), Robert Zieminski, a senior executive for IBG Insurance Services Corporation, violated the "electronic and telephone equipment" policy statement of the company when he accessed certain explicit websites from his computer at work. He used two computers, one computer at home and one computer at work. When he was caught accessing certain websites from his computer at work, IBG demanded that the computer that Zieminski was utilizing at home be returned. However, Zieminski explained that his wife and children were utilizing the computer at home for personal

Crimes Essay Example for Free

Crimes Essay Aside from the identified purpose of the Uniform Crime Report (UCR), it is formulated in such a way that it classifies the types of crimes under two categories: Part I and Part II. The facts and data of the UCR under Part I is more extensive in terms of the scope of the information in the report when compared to Part II. The facts and data in Part I include other necessary information such as profile of the criminal. In Part II, the rate of arrests for specific crimes are only present in the UCR. Part I crimes are closely monitored by law enforcement because crimes categorized under Part I are violent crimes and crimes against property. Categorizing crimes under two parts, I and II, determines the gravity or the impact of crimes to the public. Part I crimes are more grave, considering that crimes under Part I include rape, robbery, burglary, larceny, arson, etc. These are potentially serious crimes that law enforcement should prioritize in order to uphold peace and order to society. Part II offenses are less serious including crimes such as vandalism, fraud, drug abuse violations, etc. In some instances, law enforcement implements measures that seem to increase the statistics of crime occurrences. However, when we look deeper into the matter, we realize that the increase in crime statistics contribute to the improvement of society. In such instances, positive results from increased crime statistics are observable in Part II crimes. Increasing crime statistics catch the attention of the public, alarming them to be vigilant about their surroundings in order to prevent criminal offenses from taking place. For instance, reports reveal to the public that there is an increase in the number of reported stolen property crimes in the community. This raises the awareness of the people, and since it is a non-violent crime, they are willing to get involved with crime prevention. People decide to engage in neighborhood watch, community policing, and other law enforcement activities that will assist official law enforcement agencies in preventing crime, affording them enough time and manpower to focus on grave crimes categorized under Part I. Offenses such as prostitution and drug abuse violations motivate people in the community to get involved with discovering or reporting violators to law enforcement agencies. Another advantage of reporting increase in crime rates is to empower people to get involved with crime prevention. Offenses against family and children, for instance, have increased. Law enforcement will interpret the statistic in such a way that it expresses the increase in the number of people who reported criminal offenses, and further continue that the increase in the number of people who report criminal violations to the police helps law enforcement in crime prevention. The police might convince the people to report criminal violations because it is one way for law enforcement agencies to know criminal trends and analyze these trends to come up with plans and resolutions to prevent crime.

Symbolism in The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson :: The Lottery Essays

Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† is a chilling tale of a harsh ritualistic gathering conducted by people of a small village. The word lottery would typically remind someone of a drawing to win a cash prize. A better comparison to the story would be the lottery used to select troops for the Vietnam War; a lottery of death. Another would be the human sacrifices the Aztecs willingly made long ago.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story opens by embracing the reader with a relaxed setting, giving the anticipation for an optimistic story. â€Å"†¦with the fresh warmth of a full summer day; the flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly green (p.445).† The discussion of children and school also gives well meaning of an organized and well-balanced village the people have put together, one the average parent would want their children raised in. â€Å"They tended to gather together quietly for a while before they broke into boisterous play, and their talk was still of the classroom and the teacher, of books and reprimands (p.445).† The thought of children playing also illustrates of a positive outlook for the rest of the story, a sense of happiness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is also mentioned that the story begins on June twenty-seventh. â€Å"With the fresh warmth of a full summer day (p.445). † Again, the setting is depicted as a bright, happy place. The date is important, because the end of June is a time when the summer has fully set in, possibly giving the meaning that change is up ahead.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While the mood continues to be pleasant, the village gathers for what would appear to be a joyous festival everyone looks forward to. â€Å"The lottery was conducted –as were the square dances, the teen-age club, the Halloween program†¦ (p.445).†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story, Mr. Summers and Mr. Graves are basically the two men in charge of making sure the lottery is conducted each year. Mr. Summers’ name seems to represent the time of the year the lottery is conducted. Mr. Graves represents the grave the chosen lottery victim will be sent to, as he has no problem administering death to those close around him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The lottery itself is conducted in a black box using paper-slips. The color black represents death, as the future of someone’s life will be decided from it. The dark mood is felt when it is introduced. A general feeling of nervousness is spread throughout the crowd, the younger people in particular.

Is Study Guide Midterm

Understand some basic terminology in IS Examine how IS supports a major company's business function (UPS case) information and technology strategy Required Readings Chapter 1, Text, pages 2-35 Preparation and Questions Read the UPS case carefully, peg. 23-24 What are the inputs, processing, and outputs of Pup's package tracking system? What technologies are used by UPS? How are these technologies related to Pup's business strategy? What problems do Pup's information systems solve?What would happen if these systems were not available? SIS – Collaboration through Technology Introduce the Team Contract Understand the basics of collaborative behavior Examine different types of collaborative technology that can be used to support team behavior Choose a collaboration platform for your team Required Readings Chapter 2 Collaboration Information Systems, pegs. 41-71 Questions and Preparation What experiences have you had with collaboration tools in the past? Have you used Keep, Google Docs, SMS Tools to get projects done? Have you ever worked on a virtual team? How did collaboration work when you could not work face to face?What are some of the criteria that you are thinking about in choosing the appropriate collaboration platform for your team? Be sure you understand the pros and cons of the different collaboration tools described in this chapter . SIS – Competitive Strategy: Competitive Advantage through the Web Objectives Identify how technology changes are affecting industries and businesses within different industries. Example of Blockbuster, Nettling Examine how different impasses (Ezra and TAX) make different technology choices to support distinct strategies Understand the concept of the â€Å"Long Tail† Reading Text, pages 83-104.Movie Rental Business: Blockbuster, Nettling and Redbook SMS Tools â€Å"Long Tail† How do the various players create and capture value? (movie studios, theaters, DVD retailers, Blockbuster, Nettling, Redbook , On Demand, Apple TV) What factors led to Nettling growth? How should Blockbuster have responded? What Factors led to Redbird's growth? Why did it capture a market already dominated by others? What are the key success factors in movie rental? How do Blockbuster, Nettling and Redbook compare on these dimensions? What's next? What advice do you have for players in this business?SIS- Business Process, Information Systems, Information Nomadic Field Manual: Understand at a basic level what a business process is Understand how to map a business process Understand the relationship between business processes and information systems Text, Chapter 4 â€Å"Business Processes, Information Systems and Information† Pages 105-123. Nomadic FM on Business Process Complete the assignment in the Nomadic Field Manual before you come to class. FM Assignment due in class Review the BPML on page 110 Identify one or two key business process that your company will need to develop.What is the informa tion that will be required? How would you map one of these processes? SIS – Applying Process Thinking Understand how to improve the business processes of a small company Understand how to link business process improvement with information technology support Create a process map for your business Readings 1-888-Jungian Pegs. 133- up to â€Å"Possible Information Technology Solutions†, peg. 137. What are the business problems that Marcus King is facing? Bring to class a map of the major business processes that are described in the case.What does your process map reveal about the information problems that King is facing? SIS – Database I To understand what a database is To understand the difference between spreadsheets, databases and files To understand how businesses use database software to access critical information for managing all aspects of the business To explore how to construct a relational database Text, Chapter 6 â€Å"Foundations of Business Intellige nce: Databases and Information Management† pages 149-166. Be sure you can identify the following: a) Primary key(s) b) Relationships c) 1 and the many side d) Foreign Keys What is an entity?Understand the basics of tracking customers as they click through your website Understand how to measure the value of Internet advertising Understand different types of Internet advertising such as banner ads versus pay per click Text, peg. 239-250, Mended. Com confronts â€Å"Click-Through† Competition, What does the Advertiser want? (sales, leads, product awareness? ) What are the best metrics for measuring success? What specific consumer behaviors determine whether or not a business model produces the desired results? How would Heather Yates Justify buying impressions rather than click-through?What are her alternatives? What is the difference in value between a general interest site vs.. A niche site to a consumer? Which is the more defensible business model from an advertising st andpoint? What steps can Mended take to address emerging competitors? SIS I-Technology Infrastructure Define IT infrastructure and describe its components. Identify and describe the stages and technology drivers of IT infrastructure evolution. Assess contemporary computer hardware platform trends. Assess contemporary software platform trends. Text, Chapter 9 â€Å"IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies† pages 251-298What has been the business impact of declining costs for communications and integrated circuits? What kinds of infrastructure are needed to make the phone work? (Hint: it's more than Just the phone) Review the definition of cloud computing on page 245. What is the likely impact of this shift on the software industry? Microsoft? Apple? What is the likely impact on businesses? Consumers? SIS 2-Developing and Acquiring Information Systems Chapter 10, pages 299-347 Nomadic Field Manual Exercise on Systems Analysis and Design Complete the assignment in the Nomadic Field Manual before you come to class.

Geological Forces That Shape the Earth Essay

Diastrophism Defined: †¢Comes from the Greek word meaning a â€Å"twisting† deformation of the Earth’s crust. All processes that move, or elevate or build up portions of the Earth’s crust comes under this. †¢Diastrophism covers movement of solid (plastic) material, as opposed to movement of molten material which is covered by volcanism. †¢The most obvious evidence of diastrophic movement can be seen where sedimentary rocks have been bent, broken or tilted. Types of Earth Movement: a.Uplift †¢Is the movement of the Earth wherein the crust rises. †¢Process in which structural highs in Earth’s crust are created (e.g. mountains). †¢The movement of tectonic plates and igneous plumes are two processes which may result in uplift. b.Subsidence †¢A sinking or setting of part of the Earth’s crust with respect to the surrounding parts is the motion of a surface (usually, the Earth’s surface) as it shifts downward relative to a datum such as sea level. c.Thrust †¢Horizontal movement of the Earth’s crust. Theories of Diastrophism: a.Theory of Isostasy †¢States that as rock from higher region is removed by erosion and deposited on a lower region, the higher region slowly rises while the lower region becomes heavier and sinks. b.Contraction Theory †¢States that the Earth is gradually sinking. As the shrinkage occurs, the stronger and heavier blocks of the crust sink while the weaker strata are crowded and squeezed upward. c.Convection Theory †¢Is a theory which would account for publishing and folding of rocks through convection currents. This process is true when it occurs under a continental mass. d.Continental Drift Theory †¢Is a theory which accounts for diastrophic movement and for the folding and faulting along the edges of the continents. e.Expansion Theory †¢Is a theory which states that the Earth is gradually expanding. Expansion of the Earth would change the continents’ position. Structural Features of the Earth’s Movement: a.Deformation of Rocks †¢The effects of diastrophism are clearly seen in sedimentary rocks. Any deformation of sedimentary rocks is shown in tilts, bends, or break in the layer. b.Folds †¢A bend or flexure in a rock can be likened to waves on the ocean. Each has a crust and a trough or a down fold. †¢The crust of a rock is called an anticline. The trough of a rock is called syncline. c.Dip and Strike †¢Dip – angle between the horizontal plane or structural surface. †¢Strike – direction of a line along the edge of an inclined bed where it meets the horizontal plane. It is always at right of the dip. d.Pitching Fold †¢Folds whose access slants downward at the each end of an imaginary line running along the top of an anticline or along the bottom of a syncline are called the axes of the fold. †¢The angle between the axis and the horizontal is called Pitch. e.Joints and Fissures †¢Joint – a fracture or a little separation between the rock walls. †¢While Fissures are cracks or actual gap between rock walls. f.Faulting †¢Refers to the surface along which a rock body has been broken and has been displaced. †¢Two types of Faulting: a.Vertical Faulting b.Horizontal Faulting Types of Fault a.Thrust Fault †¢It is a low angle fault in which the hanging wall is moved upward in relation to the footwall. It is characterized by the horizontal compression rather than vertical displacement. †¢A reverse fault in which the fault plane is inclined at an angle equal to or less than 45 degrees. †¢A geological fault in which the upper side appears to have been pushed upward by compression. b.Normal Fault †¢Also called Gravity Fault, a dip slip fault in which the hanging wall has moved downward relative to the footwall. †¢A geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved downward relative to the footwall. Normal faults occur where two blocks of rocks are pulled apart as by tension. c.Reverse Fault †¢Is the material above the fault plane that moves up in relation to the material below. †¢A geologic fault in which the hanging wall has moved upward relative to the footwall. Reverse faults occur where two blocks of rock are forced together by compression.

buy custom Total Rewards essay

buy custom Total Rewards essay Total rewards refer to all the tools available to the employer that may be used to motivate, attract and retain employees. It includes what the employee perceives to be valuable resulting from the employment relationship. Employers have always had a challenge of how to motivate, attract and retain their employees (Blackburn Perry, 2007). Describe each of the top five (5) advantages of a total rewards approach Increased flexibility Both employees and employers desire more of the flexibility. As the benefit of flexibility has already become a bit understood, more business are allowing their employees to determine their time of work, where they would like to work, and how they would wish to work. Total rewards considers what their employees want, and in most instances demand, the capability to integrate their work and their lifestyle. Improved Recruitment and Retention Today, workers are focusing beyond the big picture as they decide where they would wish to work. Personal life and work should be looked at as related priorities, and not competing ones. When an organization helps its employees run both their work and personal lives, the workers feel a greater commitment to the company. In addition, a lot of studies have shown that workers look at total rewards when deciding on whether to stay or join with an organization. Healthcare Coverage This is a piece of a total rewards typical package that encompasses all vision, medical and dental and still long-term and long-term disability insurance that is offered by an employer. Retirement Programs Retirement programs that are offered in the total rewards packages can include non-matching or matching 402 (k) accounts. In large corporations, a profit sharing and purchasing stock program may be offered as well. Financial Compensation Workers compensation mainly consists of the base salary, merit and overtime increases. This still includes incentives compensation like bonuses. Describe five (5) common ways a total rewards strategy can go astray. Although total rewards strategy builds up healthy relationships with employers and the employees, it can also go astray; Feeling of dissatisfaction or discrimination among employees. If the employees feel that the reward assessment process might not be transparent. Staff morale might fall if there is a big difference in reward being paid out to an individual doing similar work. Staff may become very focused on people earning those rewards that they forget to work in the very best interests of the whole team. Competition can be fair but if its too aggressive it may be detrimental. Always there will be a judgment element required to administer the system. Somebody have to rate the staffs performance. This judgment might end up being a bit subjective rather than being objective. Some functions are in nature support roles (and therefore might not attract much rewards as some other roles like sales). There must be a fair balance of rewards for these support staff or they will not feel any appreciation. Describe the six (6) steps in designing a total rewards program. Coming up with a total rewards program specific to an institutions requires some initial homework in establishing a baseline of what one can already offer and in developing a bit more strategic approach towards rewards. Inventory rewards. Conduct a detailed, accurate and full inventory of rewards that are currently offered by the institution that normally fall into five elements of ROW model. This type of inventory should involve both informal programs and formal practices. Some of this type of information is obviously available but most of it requires investigation, particularly in big, decentralized institutions. Consider focus teams as a way to recognize the rewards and to provide interest and commitment in this process through the institution. Measure investment. To your level best, calculate the latest level of investment in each and every element to come up with a baseline and to make changes. In some of the cases, the measurement will definitely help gauge competitiveness (benefits, salary etc.) and also investment. In some other cases, the cost of institution of the reward may be measured but shaping competitiveness will be more difficult. Increasing information. Through a clear communication, employees realize the full suite of the rewards that are available to them. Link total rewards strategy towards institutional strategy, and consider making a distinctive logo and name. Use your strategy that is customized as a base for measuring workers satisfaction, engagement and understanding through surveys and some other workers feedback techniques. Implement improvements. Execution and implementation are essential to a realized total rewards program. Vague practices, unclear communication and inconsistent implementation contribute to less-than-effective program. Setting priorities for enhancing or developing rewards and communicating improvements will automatically demonstrate a commitment of the institution to employees. Measure impact. A total rewards program constitutes a vibrant plan. Keeping the plans relevance needs regular review of the institutions external influences and initiatives. A review of the strategys effectiveness requires to be incorporated in the routine planning processes in which your institution often conducts. This is a very different process of measurement than the expenditures measurement. Involve the community. Involve faculty, staff and leadership in understanding the total rewards program and how it usually supports the overall institutions strategic direction. This goes far beyond communicating the real program. Illustrate the inks among new initiatives and strategies. Make use surveys to recognize what is valued or is not valued. Take the opportunity to refresh and review the strategy by finding input from those that are most impacted. Broad understanding and involving will help in ensuring the continuity of relevance of total rewards program to the institution. Describe the eight (8) steps in the communication process. Understand the funcction of the communication. Regardless of the issue, communication should be designed with a specific goal. It should then be implemented expressly to obtain some result. That result may be increasing awareness. It might also be generating a certain action. Regardless of whatever purpose, communication should not just "happen." If you cannot discover a reason for communicating, you shouldn't then communicate. Encourage the internal customers to come together and discuss the issue. This is not however an easy task. Everyone might be busy, and most often your customers will need you to "do something." To overcome the resistance, you have to present solid benefits of making the time to step back and then think of the best way of address the issue. Gather the additional input. Depending on the sensitivity, level of controversy or complexity of an issue, you may wish to gather some additional input from the other people within the organization. You might wish to poll the workers to determine their latest level of knowledge concerning an issue. You may need to hold focus teams to uncover the potential misperceptions or biases. The more you become aware of an issue, the better you will be in a position to present it accurately and knowledgeably. Identify the audiences. Audience is not "everybody." For communication to be more effective, it should be targeted. That is, if you want to communicate something about budget cuts, the information that you share with the managers will be a bit different from information that you share with the frontline customers or staff. Even among the employee groups, the variations may need different communication tools or different messages. For instance, off-site staff might not have a ready access towards the business intranet and will therefore need to get the hard copy information or information by phone (Blackburn, 2007). Create "key messages." Identify messages that are most important for you to convey. Focus and be succinct on "need to know" that is based on outcomes that you're looking for. Don't try conveying too much, or else you will confuse your audience. Just hit the most high points. Develop a timeline. The order by which you can inform the audiences can be critical. For instance, if one put a notice in the employee newsletter concerning a benefit change before having informed the managers about that change, the managers might feel that he or she has been undermined and in a disadvantage when involves answering employee questions. Develop a plan. Considering the timelines, audiences and messages that you have developed, make a written plan outlining the communication processes and tools that you will be using. The plans include the background, the messages and target the audiences you have identified. You will also need to detail the tact that are specific that you will use in conveying your messages. Start inside first. Your workers are a beneficial audience for the communication messageseven the marketing messages concerning the products and services. The more they know and understand them, the more they will help you exactly share your messages. Buy custom Total Rewards essay

This essay seeks to compare and contrast the approaches taken by Keith B. Richburg and Karl Maier in discussing Africa.The title is Woes of Africa

This essay seeks to compare and contrast the approaches taken by Keith B. Richburg and Karl Maier in discussing Africa.The title is Woes of Africa Over the past years, many writers have made bold attempts to address issues confronting Africa. The views expressed by these writers in their books are influenced by the major happenings on the continent within the time period the book is to be written. But one thing that leaves much to be desired about the approaches taken by some of these authors is the generalizations they make about the whole African continent, using the woes of just a few countries as a marker for the others. This paper seeks to compare and contrast the approaches taken by Keith B. Richburg and Karl Maier in discussing Africa.Richburg's confrontation of Africa in his book, Out of America, discusses his traumatic experiences in Africa. His approach reveals to the reader that the present-day Africa is just a replica of the Dark Continent described by early explorers. Richburg describes Africa as a "senseless continent" (153), "violent" (227), and a "strange and forbidding place" (237) where fighting and other nefa rious activities is the order of the day.Richburg, New YorkHe states that:"It's one of those apocryphal stories you always hear coming out of Africa, meant to demonstrate the savagery of "the natives." Babies being pulled off their mothers' backs and tossed onto spears. Pregnant women being disemboweled. Bodies being tossed into the river and flowing downstream. You heard them all, but never really believed" (xiii).Richburg thus imposes on the reader the "vicious" nature of Africans. He tries to justify this image he puts forth to his readers by his unrealistic and over-exaggerated descriptions of his encounters and experiences at the hands of civilians, the military, and guerilla fighters.Richburg does not have any positive thoughts about Africa during his travels from the time he "smells" (1) the continent till his departure. In Richburg's eyes,

How to use action verbs to make your resume stand out

How to use action verbs to make your resume stand out Take a look at your resume. What words jump out at you? If you’re like most people, phrases like â€Å"was responsible for† or â€Å"worked on† are probably in there somewhere. And those phrases are totally†¦fine. But if you want to make your resume stand out from the rest of the people who were responsible for X and worked on Y, one of the easiest places to start is to make your language sparkle a little. Using strong, specific action words can help make your accomplishments seem even more impressive. Using next-level verbs in your resume shows the reader that you put particular care and effort into crafting your resume- your resume should show what you do and indicate to the reader how active and dynamic you are as an employee. Strong action verbs can also help you with non-human readers, or Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS), as the software may be programmed to look for particular words as indicators of experience. Weak or ordinary verbs will just slip rig ht by the automated eye.This is not to say that every word in your resume needs to be straight out of a thesaurus. If every word is a five-dollar word, that gets repetitive as well. It can also seem very stiff and formal. Instead, use key verbs to punch up your resume writing. Your experience bullets are the best place to use varied words to show what you’ve done. This is where you can really take ownership of your experience and accomplishments, by using active verbs instead of passive ones.For example:I was tasked with organizing the large annual holiday party.orI coordinated a large annual holiday party. They’re similar, but look at the perspective here. In the first sentence, you were following someone else’s orders. In the second, you’re taking control. The only real difference here is the verb; sentence one is passive, while sentence two is active. And yet you don’t need to rewrite every word, just replace the main one.When you’re rewr iting your resume with power verbs, you should go for specificity and relevance over flashiness. Let’s look at some replacements for common resume words.Leadership VerbsIf you’re trying to demonstrate leadership, instead of words like â€Å"led† or â€Å"managed, try one of these:ChairedCoachedDirectedCultivatedEnabledCoordinatedExecutedService VerbsService verbs show how you work with clients, bosses, team members, or other people. Teamwork is a metric that’s more and more important to hiring managers, so be proactive about using them. Instead of words like â€Å"communicated with† or â€Å"dealt with,† try words like:LiaisedConsultedFacilitatedCollaboratedAnalysis VerbsAnalysis verbs show how you handle information or situations. Instead of words like â€Å"analyzed† or â€Å"determined,† try words like:ResearchedAssessedAuditedEvaluatedInvestigatedQuantifiedCommunication VerbsCommunication verbs are some of the most importa nt ones in your resume. Just about every job calls for good communication skills (verbal and written). What better place to show your stellar written communication skills than by picking the exact right words to show how well you communicate? Instead of words like â€Å"communicated,† try words like:ConveyedCorrespondedCampaignedBriefedConcludedPresented  Innovation VerbsInnovation verbs convey your creativity and ingenuity. Many employers are looking for forward-thinking employees who can help get new things accomplished. Instead of words like â€Å"improved† or â€Å"organized,† try words like:PilotedOptimizedCustomizedCreatedGeneratedOne of the trickiest part of your resume is showing, not telling, so the more you choose words that highlight your most important accomplishments, the more you’ll be able to convey to any reader in a limited space. Your resume has limited real estate, so make the most of it!

Naturalized Epistemology Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Naturalized Epistemology - Term Paper Example This implies that ‘x’ is in such context or state that the possibility of ‘x’ being known is increased. Finally, third, the question of certainty, which is highlighted by the question by the question ‘how do I know that I know x? In the face of such questions, can it be hold that certainty is something that eludes humanity since the basis for the certainty of what people may claim to know is not stable and solid. In fact, some modern philosophers have asserted the supposition that maybe there is an evil demon that is playing a trick on us making people believe that x can be known when in fact, it is not. Nonetheless, what is vital in this scenario is that epistemology has been considered as humanity’s response to uncertainty as presented by the malum genie. In this sense, epistemology has become field that sought to eliminate uncertainty by providing the solid ground wherein one may claim with certainty that one has a knowledge of X. Is this que st of epistemology significant? Coming from a common perspective, the certainty of what we may claim to know is vital in the relationship with our claims regarding the world and the ensuing empirical claims, in which, scientific knowledge is claimed to be anchored. Unfortunately, epistemology is still in the process of discourse how can people justify what they claim they know even if the ultimate goal of epistemology is to provide the certainty that what proceeds from our claims about the world are in fact rooted in that experienced of the world. In this condition, Quine argues for the futility of the epistemological quest for certainty and affords a re-framing of epistemology, belief, justification and knowledge. In this regard, this paper have the following structure. The first part of the paper will deal with the arguments raise by Quine against the epistemological goal of certainty and his proposal regarding what ought to be done to epistemology. Meanwhile, the second part deal s with the criticisms against Quine’s position. The third part will be the exposition of the researcher’s view regarding the debate. Finally, the last section is the conclusion. Hopefully, in the end a clearer understanding of both sides is attained. On Quine Quine’s counter-arguments regarding achieving certainty through epistemology is grounded on the position that Arithmetic itself, which has long been considered as certain because of its deductive method has been proven to be incomplete by Godel’s Incompleteness Theorem (71). Creating a parallel argument, Quine claims that since arithmetic itself which is considered as certain because of the rigors of deduction has been proven to be incapable of being grounded or fully justified, how much more is epistemology whose knowledge claims are built on induction. This is a very important criticism against the certainty of epistemology which is grounded on induction and the â€Å"Humean Predicament† is the counter –arguments against induction. This asserts that no theory can be derived from mere observation. Primarily because there is no way that the validity of the observation is transferred to the theory derived from it. In the same sense, Quine is raising the argument that if arithmetic itself is something that cannot be validly deduced from the theorems themselves, which is already a close system, how much more are the epistemological claims made about the world. In this regard, both conceptual reduction and doctrinal reduction are

Changes in media and its effects on personal, social and work lives Essay

Changes in media and its effects on personal, social and work lives - Essay Example However, all this came to change with the fast development of technology. Before we knew it, we had television, and all this changed everything because we could not only hear the news but could also see who was presenting it as well as videos of the news itself. It has indeed been a privilege for me to live long enough to see the development of media from its infancy to where it is today. Question: What are your feelings concerning the development of the Internet and social networking? Granddad: it is quite fascinating how the technology for transmitting media has developed and how fast that development has been. The things that we used to think were impossible have now become reality and this is something quite extraordinary. The Internet is a technology that I did not become aware of until sometime in the mid nineties when it was first introduced to me. I found it to be most useful because I could use email to send information, which I would have otherwise sent by mail, and I could find information instantly online, without having to go to a library, as used to be the case. I have come to adapt to this new technology like a fish in water, because it has made my life all much easier, especially now that I do not move around as much as I used to. I am an avid user of social networking sites such as Facebook, where I have come to encounter plenty of information as well as made many friends. I have also been able to rekindle old relationships with people whom I knew when I was younger, but life put us in different paths. Furthermore, the different sources of news have ensured that any biased news can be detected. I personally prefer watching news online and during the Iraq War, recently, I used to watch Al Jazeera and BBC to get a balanced picture of the news. Question: Which media do you think has managed to survive way into the modern times? Granddad: In my opinion, I believe that television, and most especially cartoons, have not lost the charm that kept peopl e hooked to them. When I was young, I used to love the Disney cartoons and I followed them every chance I got. I still see the same fascination in cartoons among kids today and this, I believe, is continuity. Personally, I am still a huge fan of cartoons because they not only remind me of my younger days but also make me laugh, something that I have to admit, has become extremely rare for me in other forms of entertainment. Question: What was the relationship between politicians and media, and has this relationship changed? Granddad: In previous decades, it was extremely difficult to find politicians who were open with any form of media. In fact, media was always treated with suspicion because of the belief that their main purpose was to destroy political careers by creating scandals. This, I believe, has changed since many politicians have come to embrace the media to further their own political careers. President Obama in the United States is an example of this new trend among pol iticians. He has used the media so well that he has managed to maintain his popularity where other presidents would have fallen from grace. I may add that media has come to influence change in society because without it, the Americans would not have been able to elect a black president. Essay Media has experienced plenty of changes, especially from the mid twentieth century to the present day. It has not only led to the development of better means of communication between people but has

Professional plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Professional plan - Essay Example augmenting my ability to provide better healthcare to elderly patients through specializing in Geriatric medicine as it shows my respect for the dignity of human life and protection of the rights and ability of the elderly to live a healthy satisfied life. Further, I would like to achieve a point where I will be in a position to influence the decisions on patient care as a member of the nursing care committee to ensure these decisions positively influence the satisfaction and recovery process of the patients. I would like to be involved with nursing profession organizations including American Nursing Association (ANA), American Academy of Nursing, American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACCN), American Nursing Informatics Association (ANIA), and American Association for the History of Nursing (AAHN) (Finkelman & Kenner, 2010). The main reasons for the choice to be a member of these organizations is due to the provision of an avenue to be notified of conventions, it will aid me keep up with changes in nursing practices, provision of networking opportunities, and certification offered by these organizations showing commitment for improving nursing practice. Access to publications and new insights offered through these nursing organizations are the other reason for joining them as a measure of keeping up with changes and roles of a care provider in a dynamic and changing health care environment. There are different avenues through which I will use to augment my education and skills for the better performance of duties and responsibilities in the course of my job and enhance my ability to rise in the profession and achieve my career goals (Masters, 2005). This include attending seminars and conferences that have a high ability to expand my knowledge and abilities, especially that deal with administration and patient care. Webinars is the other avenue available for me to ensure my skills and education is augmented in the coming years as it offers few courses

US Economic Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

US Economic Performance - Essay Example According to the report findings GDP growth is also boosted by business spending or investments. This could be ascribed favorable financial conditions and rising business confidence levels as well as growth in labor productivity. Economic growth is also fuelled by government spending. Similar to individual consumers, the government also has a high consumption propensity as opposed to saving tendency. Such economic condition may be favorable in the short run. It may also be disastrous in the long run since it may result to increased domestic and foreign borrowings. This paper declares that economic growth is usually accompanied by rising inflation brought about by the increasing aggregate demand. Despite current economic expansion, CPI is maintained at reasonable levels in the US. However, an increase in CPI may be expected within the remainder of year due to the steady increase in the price of energy. Increase in price level is forecasted because of the projected escalation in production cost resulting from the cost of employee benefits and raw material. Generally, the US has performed fairly well and met its economic targets to date. The country has generated GDP growth for the first quarter of 2005. Albeit its unemployment rate is marginally higher than its target, improvements in the labor market are notable. The CPI is also within the normal range. Given these conditions, economic perspective for the short run could be described as promising.

Technology Description Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Technology Description - Essay Example The Clock button displays the real time that can be set and adjusted. The Reset button allows the Clock to reset depending on the user’s desired time settings. 2. These pre-determined cooking time buttons include the cooking according to the desired cooking manner including the weight of the food and defrosting. If Cook by Weight is desired, the need to key in the approximate weight of the food is necessary. The same applies when Defrost by Weight is preferred. Speed Defrost 5. The Timer button is used to set the desired cooking time. The Power Level sets the microwave cooking at 10 different levels at the time of cooking. Setting the level to 100% allows the device to emit radio waves to its full extent, thus allowing the cooking time faster. The Cook button automatically cooks food according to the length of time that it needs to be cooked. There are sensors in the cavity that allows the device to detect whether the food is already cooked or

US Economic Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

US Economic Performance - Essay Example According to the report findings GDP growth is also boosted by business spending or investments. This could be ascribed favorable financial conditions and rising business confidence levels as well as growth in labor productivity. Economic growth is also fuelled by government spending. Similar to individual consumers, the government also has a high consumption propensity as opposed to saving tendency. Such economic condition may be favorable in the short run. It may also be disastrous in the long run since it may result to increased domestic and foreign borrowings. This paper declares that economic growth is usually accompanied by rising inflation brought about by the increasing aggregate demand. Despite current economic expansion, CPI is maintained at reasonable levels in the US. However, an increase in CPI may be expected within the remainder of year due to the steady increase in the price of energy. Increase in price level is forecasted because of the projected escalation in production cost resulting from the cost of employee benefits and raw material. Generally, the US has performed fairly well and met its economic targets to date. The country has generated GDP growth for the first quarter of 2005. Albeit its unemployment rate is marginally higher than its target, improvements in the labor market are notable. The CPI is also within the normal range. Given these conditions, economic perspective for the short run could be described as promising.

Enterprise Information Architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Enterprise Information Architecture - Essay Example Data security helps maintain privacy of data. There are a number of data security technologies to support this process. They are as follows: The topic of my research paper is Enterprise Information Architecture that strategically brings together the information architecture of the organization in a well-documented and logical manner. EAI integrates the information architecture of within an organization in such a way that the organization wide elements of goals, objectives, strategic plans etc also encompass within the architecture.1 EAI aims to provide an architectured environment to the organization that delivers high quality, system integration, time saving and reduction in costs. This aim is achieved by EAI by eradicating or reducing data redundancy within the operational systems, eradicating or reducing process redundancy within the operational systems, and by minimizing the complexity of extracting data from the operational environment into the data warehouse environment. The EAI is often known as a vehicle that provides a road map to development of an architectured environment. The EIA has three sub-architectures and they are as follows: Business architecture: This includes corporate data model (business oriented and integrated view of the data that is important to the organization), function model (decomposes the core business functions performed within the organization), interaction model (a matrix that shows which data is updated, deleted or important), current systems model (inventory of current systems implemented within the organization). Technical architecture: This depicts the existing and desired technical environment of the organization. It also includes an inventory of the systems of the existing technical environment as well. Organization architecture: This reveals the processes from the function model that are performed by each unit within the organization. It also shows the organizational structure but at a higher level. Below is the breakdown of the EIA:Enterprise information architecture is a model that has four levels and they are as follows: Physical level: This level encompasses the computer hardware of the organization, network interface, telecommunication facilities and the LANs that support the intranet and extranet. Previously systems in organizations used to be monolithic and centralized but now they are more decentralized and distributed in the form of client/server, network-based computer systems etc. Information level: This level is concerned with the information of the organization like databases, model bases, knowledge bases and metabases. This

Len Bias Essay Example for Free

Len Bias Essay In one day all of one man’s dreams came true, and in one night all those dreams came spiraling down with a silent crash. I think about his friends with whom he spent his last hours with, and the nightmares that must have followed after helplessly watching their friend die at their feet. I think about his family who lost so much good fortune and, more importantly, a nephew, a cousin, a brother, and a son. I also think about the game of basketball. It lost a great player that day. Some believe he was going to be it’s greatest yet. Len Bias was the greatest player to never play the game, it’s brightest star to never shine. Cocaine had, once again, robbed the world of a truly one of a kind treasure. There has been a bit of poetic justice to come from this story, however. Bias’ mother has told stories of people who have randomly come up to her at the market or in the street telling her of how her son’s death has helped them kick their cocaine addiction. Seeing as how the story was told all over the nation, it wasn’t just locals who responded to it in this way. I have been affected by this story in a similar way. Len Bias is the sole reason I have never tried cocaine. Of course it’s very rare for a young athlete like myself to have a heart attack from drugs. Bias was definitely an exception, but he was not the rule. It goes deeper than fatality statistics for me, though. The death on Len Bias showed me that everything a human being has worked for could be stripped away in an instant with the involvement of drugs. For example, there’s the similar story of Earl â€Å"The G. O. A. T. † Manigault, who was deemed one of the greatest basketball players New York has ever seen but never reached his full potential because of a heavy heroin addiction. Unlike Bias, Manigault is still alive today. However, he is nowhere near being in the position he could’ve been in had he not picked up his drug habit. We’re talking about a possible difference of 20 million dollars! There’s no drug on earth worth making that sacrifice for in my opinion.

Liquid Phase Surface Nitriding of Al-5052

Liquid Phase Surface Nitriding of Al-5052 Abstract: Liquid phase surface nitriding of Al-5052 was performed using the heat of a TIG (tungsten inert gas) torch in a gas shielding which was a mixture of argon and nitrogen. The feasibility of obtaining nitride compounds at various TIG processing parameters and nitrogen contents in the shielding gas were studied. The presence of AlN phase being formed during surface nitriding was proved by X-ray diffraction analysis. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyzer was carried out to study the morphology and chemical composition of the nitride phase. The microhardness test was also performed on cross sections of treated layers. This measurement demonstrated that the surface hardness increased from 52 HV for the untreated aluminum alloy to as high as 1411 HV for the nitrided sample due to the formation of AlN phase in the treated layer. It was also found that, variation of nitrogen contents in the shielding gas has little effect on th e formation of AlN phase and its properties. It was also noticed that liquid phase surface nitriding reduced the wear rate to less than quarter of that of the untreated substrate. Introduction Liquid phase surface engineering including surface melting, alloying, and formation of composite layers on aluminum alloys have been studied and applied for more than three decades. High-energy sources such as laser and electron beam, as well as other heat sources like tungsten inert gas (TIG) process have been used for these treatments [1–3]. In order to improve the wear resistance, formation of hard nitride layers via liquid phase surface engineering on nitride former alloys like titanium and iron in atmospheres containing nitrogen have also been studied by a number of researchers [4–11]. Aluminum alloys like titanium are strong nitride former. Attempts have been made to form nitride compounds on aluminum and its alloys to enhance their wear resistant [12–16]. The majority of researchers have used plasma nitriding technique. The main disadvantage of plasma nitriding is formation of rather thin AlN layers, which are not suitable, and useful while high load bearing ability is required [12,13,17–19]. Some researchers have tried to form aluminum nitride via liquid phase surface engineering of aluminum using laser beam [14,20–24]. Sicard et al. [22] obtained thin nitride layers on aluminum based substrate by liquid phase laser nitriding. Carpene et al. [23] studied laser nitriding of pure iron and aluminum in nitrogen atmosphere using a pulsed nanosecond Excimer laser. Their study revealed that approximately all the phases predicted by the Fe-N phase diagram was observed in the case of liquid phase iron nitriding, while in aluminum, only AlN was formed . There are only a couple of works on liquid phase surface nitriding of aluminum using electric arc in atmospheres of argon and nitrogen [15,16]. Hioki et al. [15] introduced an aluminum nitriding method by heating aluminum in a mixture gas of argon and nitrogen using the heat of a TIG torch. By this treatment, a dense layer of aluminum nitride was formed on the surface of aluminum so that it improved the wear resistance of aluminum. Zheng et al. [16] reported an improvement in the microhardness and wear resistance of 1050 aluminum by nitrogen arc discharge at atmospheric pressure. The nitride formation mechanism via liquid phase surface treatment has not been completely realized. According to some researches [16,20,21], the plasma formation by the electric arc or laser irradiation on the substrate surface under nitrogen atmosphere allows ionization of nitrogen and penetration to some depth and then according to Al+N → AlN reaction, nitride layers grow in the melt pool. It has been reported that if the proportion of nitrogen gas exceeds 50% by weight, the paucity of argon gas might result in unfavorable effects on generation and stability of the electric arc [15]. Therefore, it is preferred that the shielding gas to be diluted by argon gas. In this study, TIG surface nitriding of Al-5052 in ambient nitrogen atmosphere will be carried out to investigate the effects of various TIG processing parameters such as current and travel speed as well as nitrogen contents on the formation of AlN on Al-5052 alloy. Subsequently, the hardness and wear resistance of the treated surfaces were studied. Experimental AA5052 aluminum plates with dimensions of 100 mm Ãâ€" 80 mm Ãâ€" 10 mm were used as the substrate. Prior to surface nitriding, their surfaces were sandpapered with 120 paper grit SiC and then cleaned with acetone. TIG surface treatment was carried out using a MERKLE TIG 200 AC/DC unit in alternative-current (AC) mode as a heat-generator. A coaxial argon gas flow was adjusted at a fixed amount of 9 l/min and high purity nitrogen gas (at flow rates of 3, 4, and 5 l/min) was blown into the molten pool to provide shielding. Tungsten electrodes with diameter of 2.4 mm and a constant distance of 2 mm from the specimens’ surfaces were used for all experiments. Surface melting trials were conducted to optimize the TIG processing parameters (Table 1). The effects of volume percentage of added nitrogen to the shielding gas and TIG processing parameters on the properties of the fabricated layers were studied. On the whole, liquid phase surface nitriding was performed under two different series of processing parameters. In the first series, surface nitriding was performed in a constant mixture of argon and nitrogen gas atmosphere at various TIG processing parameters and in the second series the mix tures of argon and nitrogen gas shielding were changed while other TIG operating parameters were kept constant (Table 2). The voltage of TIG process was kept at a constant value of 15 V, the current varied from 75 to 150 A, and the travel speed differed from 50 to 200 mm/min. The heat input for each test was calculated using Eq. 1 [25]. Heat input (kJ/cm) = (0.48 Ãâ€" voltage Ãâ€" current)/(Travel speed) (1) The nitrided layers were characterized and analyzed by optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (Model:Camscan MV2300) equipped with an EDS analyzer. The samples used for microanalysis were polished metallographically to get smooth surfaces and then were etched with Kellers reagent for 15–30 s. The nitrided layers were also analyzed using a Philips X’Pert Pro X-ray diffractometer equipped with a Ni filter, Cu KÃŽ ± source operating at 40 kV and 30 mA. The cross-sectional hardness of the surface treated layer was measured by a MicroMet microhardness testers-Vickers with an applied load of 100-200 g and holding time of 15 s. The given values of hardness were average values taking from three to five measurement points at the same depth. The wear rates of the samples at room temperature and humidity of 45% were also evaluated by measuring the weight loss, using a pin-on-disc wear test machine. The cylindrical pins with a diameter of 4.9 mm were wire-cut from the untreated AA5052, surface melted and surface nitrided samples for the wear tests. A quench-tempered steel (AISI 52100) disc with a diameter of 37 mm and hardness of 59 HRC was chosen as the counter face. The testing parameters were 20N load, 0.3 mm/s sliding speed, and 250, 500, 750 and 1000 m sliding distance on a radius of 12.5 mm from the center of the disc. 3. Results and Discussions 3.1 Surface melting Fig. 1 shows a typical cross sectional view of a crack and porosity-free surface melted specimen achieved at a heat input of 2.16 kJ/cm (current of 100 A and travel speed of 200 mm/min). This figure also shows that the optical macrostructure of the cross section of the surface melted specimen is composed of three distinctive structures: Area 1 is the unchanged structure of the base metal. Area 2 with columnar structure, which is formed due to the high heat transfer rates because of rapid solidification and high thermal gradient between the melted zone and the base metal. Area 3 with equiaxed structure, which is emerged due to heat transfer rates during the melting process. 3.2 Surface nitriding: Effects of various TIG processing parameters Liquid phase surface nitriding was carried out under various TIG processing parameters in a constant mixture of nitrogen–argon shielding gases. Surface nitriding caused the formation of gray colored tracks, with 0.6–1.6 mm thickness and 3–6 mm width, indicating composition changes and possibly formation of aluminum nitride in the treated layer. A couple of other works have also reported similar observations [16,21]. Fig. 2a and b shows the effect of heat input on the depth and width of the treated zone. The depth and width of treated zone proportionally increased with increasing heat input. In addition, the change in gradient due to increased heat input is the same in both graphs. Fig. 3a and b shows the surface treated zone achieved at the minimum (N-1) and maximum (N-4) heat input used in this work, when the mixture of nitrogen–argon shielding gas was remained constant. In the sample with maximum heat input, the treated layer is larger and contains crack s, which are due to the formation of hard aluminum nitride and high temperature gradient. The rough nature of the treated layer is due the metal evaporation as result of high heat input. EDS analysis from the marked areas (Fig. 3c and d) reveals aluminum and nitrogen percentages for N-1 and N-4 specimens. Nitrogen content in the sample with maximum heat input (27.22 at%) was much lower than the nitrogen content in the sample with minimal heat input (40.41 at%). Increasing heat input results in dissolved nitrogen in the larger melting pool of aluminum and there would be less excess nitrogen. 3.3 Surface nitriding: Effects of shielding gas Surface nitriding was also processed at various volume percentage of nitrogen in the shielding gas when the other TIG processing parameters were kept constant. Fig. 4 shows the low magnification cross sectional SEM micrograph of sample N-5 (see Table 2), near its surface. According to this figure, the nitrided layers are consisted of two morphologies, one is dendritic morphology, and other is lamellar morphology dispersed between the dendrites. Similar morphologies are reported by other researchers [16]. Fig. 5 shows the high magnification SEM micrograph of sample N-5 that reveals these two morphologies, separately. Detailed SEM-EDS spot analysis (Fig. 5c and d) suggests that in lamellar structure, the dark areas are aluminum nitride and the bright bands are aluminum. The EDS analysis results disclosed that the atomic percentage of nitrogen and aluminum are almost 1:1 at the dark areas. X-ray diffraction patterns of the nitrided zone also confirmed peaks corresponding to hexagonal Al N phase (Fig. 6). Other researchers also reported formation of hexagonal AlN phase [12,16]. AlN phase was seen at 2ÃŽ ¸ = 33.216, 36.041, 37.917, 49.816, 59.350, 66.054, 69.731, 71.440, 72.629, 81.090 and 94.844 (PDF no. 25-1133). There are other peaks in the XRD patterns at 2ÃŽ ¸ = 38.473, 44.740, 65.135, 78.230, 82.438, and 99.081, that correspond to face centered cubic aluminum structure. Fig. 7 shows the high magnification cross sectional SEM micrographs of samples that were surface nitrided under various volume percentages of nitrogen in shielding gas. The morphologies of the samples treated with different nitrogen flow rates (3, 4 and 5 l/min) were similar to each other and by changing the nitrogen flow rate, the atomic percentage of nitrogen in the dark bands did not changed, significantly (Table 3). However, it seems that the thickness of the dark bands increased with increasing the volume percentages of nitrogen gas shielding. Meanwhile, bright areas increased that indicate d aluminum content changed by reducing the amount of nitrogen in the gas mixture. 3.4 Microhardness Table 4 compares the average microhardness of a number of surface melted samples with that of the base metal. In surface melted samples, the hardness of the surface melted layer reduces by increasing of the heat input applied. Nevertheless, minimum hardness of the surface melted samples (81 HV) was much higher than that of the base aluminum substrate (52 HV). Table 5 shows the average microhardness of a number of surface nitrided samples being compared with that of the base metal. The increase in hardness was due to the formation of AlN phase in the nitrided zone. In surface nitrided samples by decreasing the heat input, the size of the treated layer decreased and hence, the solidification rate increased, resulting in a finer grained structure. In addition, by reducing the heat input, nitriding pool shrinks and nitrogen content rises from about 27 to 40 %at and therefore the relative amount of nitride compounds is increased in the layer. The hardness of the nitrided sample achieved a t higher heat input (HV 1109) is lower than that of the sample nitride at lower heat input (1411HV), which is close to the hardness value reported by others [13,16]. Furthermore, various volume percentages of nitrogen in the gas shielding had an insignificant effect on the average hardness of the nitrided zone. Fig. 8 illustrates the microhardness profiles along the depth of the layer achieved for surface melted (M-1) and nitrided (N-5) samples. These profiles indicate that the microhardness of the surface nitrided sample is much higher than that of the surface melted sample. The hardness for the surface melted (M-1) sample reached 148 HV and for the surface nitrided (N-5) sample increased by up to 1411 HV. Besides, the hardness of the nitrided layer along treated zone does not vary significantly and abruptly reduce to the hardness of the base material that can be an indication of in depth diffusion of nitrogen in the surface treated zone. 3.5. Wear resistance The weight losses of the worn untreated substrate, surface melted and surface nitrided samples against sliding distance are shown in Fig. 9. As it is shown, the weight loss after 1000 m sliding reduced from 4.2 mg to 2.9 and 1.2 mg, respectively, for the untreated aluminum, surface melted (M-1) sample (with highest hardness among surface melted samples) and surface nitrided (N-5) sample (with highest hardness among surface nitrided samples). According to these results, the wear rates of the surface melted and nitrided aluminum are about 69% and 28% of that of the untreated aluminum. Besides friction coefficients varied from 0.81 to 0.71 and 0.54 for untreated substrate, surface melted and surface nitrided samples respectively. It is obvious that grain refinement and presence of hard aluminum nitride phases have a positive effect on the wear resistance of the melted and nitrided samples. Similar improvement in wear resistance by formation of nitride layer has also been reported in oth er studies [11,13,14,16]. Fig. 10 shows the scanning electron micrographs of the worn surfaces of the untreated, surface melted and surface nitrided samples after 1000 m sliding distances. Plastic deformation including deep grooves on the worn surface of the untreated sample are signs of abrasive wear mechanism. After surface melting processing, the surface hardness increased and the intensity of the grooves reduced. Fig. 10c shows the worn surface of the surface nitrided sample, which has the lowest wear rate among the samples. Worn surface of the nitrided sample are smoother than those of the other samples that is due to presence of AlN phases in the nitrided layers and its higher hardness. Conclusions Liquid phase surface nitriding of Al-5052 by TIG process in ambient nitrogen atmosphere resulted in the formation of nitrided layers containing hexagonal AlN hard phase with two morphologies of dendritic and lamellar. Increasing the heat input resulted in reduced nitrogen content in the nitrided layer and thus AlN content reduced in the layer. The hardness of the surface nitrided layer reached to 1411 HV as compared to 52 HV for untreated aluminum alloy. Meanwhile, various volume percentages of nitrogen in the gas shielding had no significant effect on the morphology and the average hardness of the nitrided layers. Liquid phase surface nitriding resulted in the formation of AlN phase and hence increased the hardness of the treated layer that in turn reduced the wear rate to less than quarter of that of the untreated aluminum.

Racism :: Canadian History, Politics, The Indian Law

The two earlier existing schools, industrial schools and boarding schools, were united into residential schools by the Canadian Government in 1864 (Reimer, 2010:36). Miller (1996) has explained â€Å"the governing of the schools had the form of joint venture between state and church (Roman , Anglican, Methodist or United Church) where the state was responsible for the financing (Miller, 1996:25). ’’ The Canadian Government was responsible directly when it came to establishing residential schools for Aboriginal children. In order to attend residential schools, Aboriginal children were taken away from their families and communities. The proper definition of Aboriginal people or Aboriginal includes Mà ©tis, Inuit, and First Nations regardless of where they live in Canada and regardless of whether they are â€Å"registered† under the Indian Act of Canada (Stout and Kiping, 2003:5). Throughout history First Nations, Inuit, and Mà ©tis people have faced centuries of colonial suppression which has disrupted the process of Aboriginal cultural identity formation. One of the tools of suppression is through the formation of residential schools. At the schools, the children suffered from emotional, physical, sexual and psychological abuse (Stout and Kipling, 2003:8). The trauma to which Aboriginal people were exposed in the past by residential schools continues to have major negative effect to the generations to follow. By the 1840s, the attempts by the churches to â€Å"civilize† Aboriginal people became a matter of official state policy (Claes and Clifton, 1998). This was an era of westward expansion and the government was anxious to prevent any Aboriginal interference with its colonization plans. Subscribing to an ideology that constructed Aboriginal people as backward and savage, government officials believed assimilation was in the population’s best interests (1998; Culture and Mental Health Research Unit, 2000). For example, in 1847, the chief superintendent of education in Upper Canada indicated in a report to the Legislative Assembly that â€Å"education must consist not merely of the training of the mind, but of a weaning from the habits and feelings of their ancestors, and the acquirements of the language, arts and customs of civilized life† (cited in Claes and Clifton, 1998:15). The 1884 amendments to the Indian Act served as a particularly important impetus for growth. On the one hand, they made boarding school attendance mandatory for Native children less than 16 years of age. On the other hand, the revised Act gave authorities the power to arrest, transport and detain children at school, while parents who refused to cooperate faced fines and imprisonment (Claes and Clifton, 1998).

Le Petit Chef Case

Le Petit Chef Case 1) What should Gagne do? Specifically, which projects should she fund and why? How should she handle the executive meeting? A fair assessment of the situation at Le Petit Chef is that there are far too many projects on the table. This overflow has led to missed deadlines and therefore missed profit. The gap between LPC and other microwave manufacturers is closing fast and action is required. Essentially, Le Petit Chef needs a cornerstone development.There are five proposed projects: A new intelligent (fuzzy logic) line of microwaves, a low-cost version of an existing microwave line, an entirely new low-cost line, a quick heating model, and a larger cavity Liberte. When choosing which projects to fund, Gagne must evaluate them on three basic criteria: will this project differentiate one product from the next? Will this project spread the r&d team too thin? , and will this project provide a competitive advantage? For the short term, LPC should not attempt to enter th e low-cost microwave market.Le Petit Chef is correlated with high end, high performance appliances and trying to tackle a low cost market that is dominated by large companies such as Samsung and GE would not be appropriate. Because of this, both projects associated with a low end line should be crossed off Gagne’s list. However, perhaps in the future when the company is on more solid footing a low-end line can be attempted. Adding a larger cavity to the Liberte should also be cut because this just adds another component into the mix.Too many components that don’t overlap from one product to the next increases total cost and adaptability. Another reason to cut the larger cavity is because it really does nothing major to differentiate the product. Next, LPC should fund the implementation of a Fuzzy Logic microwave line. This would differentiate the product among high-end competitors, not put too much strain on r&d according to a senior design engineer, and promote the hi gh-class label associated with Le Petit Chef. This project is absolutely necessary to undertake.Another project that should be funded is the development of a â€Å"Liberte-express† with a more powerful magnetron. This adds another vital differentiating feature, will be easy to develop, and be finished relatively quickly (6 months). At the meeting, Gagne simply needs to list the facts to the executives since there shouldn’t be too much convincing to do. She needs to present her product choices listed above rationally and stress the need for the company to stay true to its reputation by focusing on high-end appliances.She needs to alert the execs about how thin r&d is spread and she should probably prepare a list of projects that could be easily axed. She needs to stress the importance of allowing r&d to focus on less projects. The primary theme of her presentation should be realigning Le Petit Chef as the frontrunner in the microwave business. She also needs to outline the current financial issues and how the proposed projects will affect them. 2) What factors explain Le Petit Chef’s poor performance? What actions would you recommend to remedy the situation?Le Petit Chef’s poor performance can be largely attributed to the recent influx of competition from abroad. Essentially, the Asian manufacturers such as Samsung and Sharp infiltrated the low-end market which in turn forced European microwave companies to move into the previously Le Petit Chef dominated high end market. One statistic that basically tells the entire story is that the price of the microwave oven had dropped by 10% each year from 1996 to 2000. In an attempt to ward off competition, LPC spent hefty sums in advertising. This was overkill and caused financial issues.Another key factor was the r&d team being spread so thinly across so many products. Exhibit 9 highlights this by showing the products branching out in an almost ridiculous manner. Quite frankly, LPC needs to reduce its projects. In order to remedy the situation, LPC needs to do a handful of things. First, they need to realize that they cannot compete with the large foreign companies. Therefore, any thoughts of entering the low-cost market should be heavily discouraged. LPC has a niche in the high end market and they need to stick to their guns.By focusing on the high end marked, R&D is also not as overextended. Next, LPC needs to differentiate their products from the competition. They need to give the buyer some incentive to fork over more cash for their expensive microwaves. Another thing that LPC should try to do is to make more components that are interchangeable between models in order to lower costs. LPC should also focus on the appearance of their microwaves, because to sell a high-end product it has to appear that way. Essentially, the appearance is the ultimate differentiating factor.

Benefits of a Liberal Arts Degree Essay

The student who decides to pursue a liberal arts education in University often faces a discouraging reaction from family and friends. Everyone seems to know a B. A. in Philosophy who is flipping burgers at Wendy’s, or an M. A. in English who is clerking at Wal-Mart. Students who choose liberal arts hear the same remarks over and over: â€Å"What good is a degree in Medieval History, or Chinese literature, or Classics? Study something practical and get a real job! † In fact, however, no degree provides an automatic job ticket, since the market for employment is constantly in flux. The liberal arts offer education, not training, and thus prepare students for a wide range of possibilities in both work and life. By developing their minds through a liberal arts education, students benefit themselves, their eventual careers, and the culture at large . For anyone interested in personal and intellectual growth, the liberal arts offer immeasurable benefits. Studies in such fields as English and Philosophy introduce a student to the great writers and thinkers whose ideas have shaped our culture. By working through the dialogues of Plato, students see logic in action; by studying the plays of Shakespeare, the poetry of Wordsworth, or the novels of Dickens, they realize the power of language. Without knowledge of the great writers and thinkers of the past, people operate in a vacuum, unable to see beyond their immediate world. How can they gauge the validity of ideas if they know nothing except the present moment? In a media-driven culture of instant celebrity, students need to experience truths that have endured over hundreds and even thousands of years. These truths expand their thinking beyond their immediate limitations, and they discover new insights into their own minds. The benefits of a liberal arts education, however, go beyond personal growth into longer-term career skills. Every liberal arts course from Art History to Women’s Studies requires proficiency in reading and writing. Graduates with Arts degrees find their communication skills in demand by employers seeking people who can read, write, and speak well. As Francis Bacon observed nearly 400 years ago, â€Å"Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man†(106). No courses develop these skills more fully than do those in the liberal arts. In addition, the liberal arts foster analytical thought: the ability to break an argument into its parts and assess its validity. Clear analysis is fundamental to the practical worlds of trade  and commerce. Finally, the liberal arts encourage originality, as students learn to think in creative ways. The student who gives an inventive presentation or develops a fresh perception will enhance the workplace with that creativity. It’s no surprise that law schools actively seek liberal arts graduates for its programs, or that jobs in the civil service, human resources, and upper management are typically staffed by people with Arts degrees. The only surprise is that anyone still scoffs at the notion that a general B. A. is a useful degree. As significant as its impact may be on personal and career growth, the real value of a liberal arts education is found in its benefits to the culture as a whole. The liberal arts retain and transmit the history of civilization itself. Without a commitment to preserving that history, our culture runs the risk of forgetting or distorting its past. Liberal arts students serve as guardians of intellectual thought for the next generation. Writers, journalists, film-makers, and politicians – the people shaping the thoughts and actions of the future – are drawn from the ranks of liberal arts majors. For example, the creator of the Harry Potter series, J. K. Rowling, has an undergraduate degree in Classics, and Liberal leader Michael Ignatieff earned degrees in History. Moreover, the liberal arts tend to be interdisciplinary in nature. Knowledge in one area illuminates another, so that instead of creating a society of narrow specialists, liberal arts studies actually encourage a culture of educated, open-minded people. Such individuals have both the capacity and the training to address practical problems in society. Leading reformers of the 20th century, including Nelson Mandela (â€Å"Nelson†) and Martin Luther King, Jr. (â€Å"Martin†), profited from their liberal arts studies. A degree in the liberal arts is not a dead-end route that culminates in a lifetime of serving fries or stocking shelves. Rather, it is a doorway that opens to paths heading in every direction. Students who expand their minds through liberal arts benefit themselves, their future career choices, and the wider culture.

Analysis of Macbeth Essay

Shakespeare uses vivid and powerful forms of imagery to let the audience visualize the setting. Lady Macbeth is portrayed as a strong woman who is attracted to power and would do anything to be in control; she is anything but an elegant and sensitive woman. After the bloodshed begins, however, Lady Macbeth falls an easy prey to insanity and guilt. Her soliloquy (5.1.24-30) shows her decline into madness when she says,â€Å"out damned spot†¦Ã¢â‚¬  There are many examples of visual and aural imagery throughout the play. The murder of Duncan is indicated by the clanging of a bell and the knocking at the gate. Though they are not described in the text, the stage directions are enough to build up the tension. The knocking occurs between each line that is spoken in a rhythmic regularity. There is a great emphasis on the knocking because it startles Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as they quickly try and cover up their involvement in the murder. To add to the intensity, the fact that the entire scene (2.2) takes place at night builds up the suspense as the darkness is used to bring up peculiar components like cruelty and the supernatural. Darkness as a thematic tool is instantly used by Shakespeare in the opening of the play. The three witches enter in â€Å"thunder and lightning† which sets the mood of the play, which becomes Shakespeare’s habitual way of introducing the witches into a scene. Introducing the supernatural and the witches to the audience at the beginning, intensifies the significance of their role. The audience can now ascertain that even when the witches do not appear directly in a scene, the progression of the plot will revolve around their prophecies. Shakespeare reminds us of the gloominess of the play by creating uncertainty in Lady Macbeth’s expectant wait for her husband, which soon becomes nervousness and excitement as he arrives. Animal imagery, a frequent motif, in this case, the shrieking of the owl is considered as an indication that â€Å"He is about it .† The owl, like a raven, is considered an ill omen; an omen of death and represents nature’s ‘messenger-’â€Å"the fatal bellman.† This line appears to minimize the enormity of Duncan’s murder and seems that Lady Macbeth is blaming the bellman. Blood is another motif throughout the play. The language used to describe Macbeth’s anguished state is extraordinarily effective in terms of imagery and detail. When Macbeth looks at his hands and thinks they are a â€Å"sorry sight† and his hand â€Å"will rather the multitudinous seas incarnadine, making the green one red† (2.2.58). Shakespeare uses personification to manipulate Macbeth’s bloody hands as witnesses to the murder when Lady Macbeth urges him to â€Å"wash this filthy witness from your hands† (2.2.50). ‘Themes are fundamental ideas explored in literary work.’ In my chosen extract, there are no specific lines that show the various themes in the play. However, the link between cruelty and masculinity is one of the first themes introduced to the audience. The murder of Duncan is the first in Macbeth’s long line of killings. It soon becomes evident to us that Lady Macbeth provides the brains and the willpower behind Macbeth’s actions. Her behavior proves that women can be as ambitious as men, as she herself wishes to be â€Å"unsexed† (1.5.40); to become more masculine than feminine. Even so, she depends on the manipulation of others, rather than using violence herself. Macbeth asks her to â€Å"bring forth men children only† (1.7.73) and she says nothing to challenge this statement. The hired murderers were also persuaded to kill Banquo by being questioned about their manhood. These acts prove that both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth associate courage or strength with violence; they think alike. The witches’ predictions also spark Macbeth’s need to continue the bloodshed as he is blinded by his overconfidence in them. When Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are first introduced, they appear to have a very strong and caring relationship that seems to be based on trust (Macbeth tells her about the three witches in his letter). However, as Macbeth’s lust for remaining King grows, the audience knows that one murder always leads to another. Because of this, his relationship with Lady Macbeth weakens and is not able to flourish. We notice that whenever they are together in a scene, they are either pretending to be innocent or planning yet another murder. The scene after the murder of Duncan, consists of a range of language techniques. The first clever part of this scene is Shakespeare’s use of a technique known as Elision. It does not allow the readers to witness the actual murder of Duncan. This is an age old tradition used by the Greek tragedians Sophocles and Aeschylus, to allow the reader’s mind to decide on the enormity of an unseen event, in this case; the murder. This diverts the audiences’ attention to the reactions caused by the murder and not the murder itself. Shakespeare uses specific words that have an impact on the reader’s mind. â€Å"It was the owl that shriek’d† (2.2.3) is a very effective sentence. Shakespeare could have substituted this word for anything that meant ‘to scream’ and it would not have had the same effect. This is because the word ‘shrieked’ not only contains plosive consonants (K & D), but also implies a high-pitched, piercing sound of terror or pain, contributing to the strength of the sentence and the recurring motif of death or blood. The order of the sentences used by Shakespeare, or the syntax, is simply changed by varying sentence length and rearranging the order of the words for effectual sentences. A variety of techniques such as ellipses and antithesis’ are frequently used by Shakespeare throughout the play. The antithesis, in this case, is Lady Macbeth. Shakespeare emphasizes her courage to admit to herself that â€Å"what hath quench’d them, hath given me fire†- which shows that she has been drinking too. Lady Macbeth: Did not you speak? Macbeth: When Lady Macbeth: Now. Macbeth: As I descended? Lady Macbeth: Ay. Macbeth: Hark! This piece of text, taken after the murder, shows how Shakespeare uses monosyllabic words to build up the tension and intensity of Lady Macbeth and Macbeth’s staccato-dialogue conversation. Shakespeare also uses a traditional kind of verse known as the Iambic Pentameter (unrhymed). It consists of a ten-syllable line with an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one (â€Å"da DUM†). The majority of this play alternates between prose and blank verse. Blank verse resembles prose in that the last word of each sentence does not rhyme, however, there are the occasional rhyming couplets: â€Å"Hear it not, Duncan, for it is a knell†Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Ã¢â‚¬Å"That summons thee to heaven or to hell† †¨ The utilization of the iambic pentameter, gives the lines a certain rhythm, making them easier to remember when producing a play. However Shakespeare sometimes uses a style of writing called prose. Prose is a piece of written or spoken language in its ordinary form without a rhythmical pattern or any metrical structure. An example of prose can be seen from lines seventeen and onwards. The sentence structure is short, simple and smart. Sentences like â€Å"Ay† and â€Å"When?† show that the conversation between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth is fast-paced and confirms that they are nervous. Lady Macbeth: A foolish thought, to say a sorry sight Macbeth: There’s one did laugh in’s sleep, and one cried ‘Murder!’ This piece of text shows that Macbeth is affected by the murder. Shakespeare conveys this to the audience by changing the subject abruptly. Verse is much too regular and orderly for expressing madness or is simply not the natural way to speak. In my chosen extract, there are not many examples of verse as the murder has already taken place. Macbeth is in a state of shock and regret, therefore, prose seems appropriate to convey this feeling to the readers and audience. In conclusion, I believe that this scene was the most crucial part of the entire play. Shakespeare manages to build up the tension and increase it until after the murder. Shakespeare’s use of language, equivocation and tragic irony merge to build up the suspense and keep the audience on the edge of their seats. His use of personification and imagery create realistic and very believable characters, which are crucial for a successful play.

Internationl Business Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Internationl Business Practice - Essay Example The main person responsible for coining the term globalization is considered to be Theodore Levitt. With the passage of time, the phenomenon has grown at a steady rate whereby the setting under which it is held is one that focuses on the global patterns related with the sociological findings. The aspect of whether or not globalization is a newer form of western imperialism is manifested in the definition of the same word. Globalization, for that matter, is remarked as Internationalization since the nature of the two terms is on a worldwide scale more than anything else. West tries to exploit the basis of globalization which the third world countries could bring to the benefit of the developed nations. However, on the part of the two terms, the one thing common however is the fact that these have identified themselves well with the changing (and growing) trends, where most of these are credited on the shoulders of the World War II, after which there has been a resurgent rat race nonetheless. Globalization is a phenomenon and it is one that is here to stay for long. The world has become a global village due to globalization and it is a good omen if seen in the proper perspectives. In an economic zone, globalization plays a significant role at increasing trade on an interna tional front which as compared to the global economy, is much faster and ahead of its time. Globalization improves the technological infrastructures and supports in the development of the telecommunications not only on a regional scale but throughout the world, thus providing help and facilitation to the west more than anything else. With the help of globalization, the legal stance is one that focuses more on the increase in the number of different standards worldwide, which in all essence must be made use of. These include copyright laws, privacy obligations, patenting and others which somehow or the other mesh along well with the legal framework of different multinationals and institutions

Critically Analyse the Impact of Psychological Coping Strategies on Research Paper

Critically Analyse the Impact of Psychological Coping Strategies on the Patients Life Outcome - Research Paper Example The uncertainty in the outcomes of the various studies was taken into consideration to stress the need for further research to cope with the pain and handicap reducing methods by dealing with the patient psychologically were discussed. The psychological impact of the support given by the family members, friends and society were taken into consideration and the result of the reaction of the disabled person was also mentioned. The life outcomes of a lower limb amputated are physical, psychological and psychosocial conditions. This situation is somewhat out of the limits of the surgeon or a doctor. The nurses attending the patient during the course in the hospital and after discharge have more roles to play. The time taken to adjust to the disability depends on the nature of the patient. Though the time of adjustment depends on the sex also, it depends more on the circumstances. Men are more worried about losing their opportunities if they are the supporters of the family. (I think there should be the reference to suppose) The same worry plays with the women also, if they have the responsibility of supporting the family. So the study about coping with the disability depends more on the support the disabled person gets from the hospital, family, friends, and relatives decide the course of acceptance and his will of acceptance finally plays a critical role in coping with the problem. 'Coping' is the word used by health professionals, which means about the patient's understanding and managing the situations that arise due to the disability. Body image and disturbance of self-esteem were the main issues that affect the disabled person. The lot of literature till date that focussed on leg amputation can be divided into three categories: 1.Clinical observations of psychosocial responses, experiences, and expected phase for adaptation; 2.detailed in nature, empirical studies that show the effect of particular psychosocial responses and experiences among those with limb losses and 3. the investigations, which are related to each other and enable one to predict the relationship between a host of socio-demographic, experiential, personality, environmental, and disability-related variables and certain psychosocial indices of adaptation to the traumatic loss1. The results of clinical observations link the loss of lower limb to castration, loss of the spouse, and even equal to capital punishment in some sensitive persons. One thing in common is that the people who are amputated feel more depression, tension, and pressure when they think about daily life activities and future course of action. The empirical research on amputated persons has gathered the results regarding predictive power of a person's socio-demographic characteristics (present age, age at the time of amputation, marital status), disability-related variables, psychological variables and the context of the environment.     

Serving size of carrots and snap peas(presentation) Assignment

Serving size of carrots and snap peas(presentation) - Assignment Example Nutrition experts have come up with a recommended serving size of both carrots and pretzels which we are advised to adhere to. For carrots, we should at least consume half a cup of cooked carrot sticks, which translates to about 75g (100–350kJ). This is the recommended serving size of carrots that we ought to consume. Pretzels on the other hand are not essential and ought to be served in small quantities. Nutrition experts recommend that we should consume it once in three days and avoid addition of honey and other sugary products. Pretzels serving size is 20 minis which is 30g and contains 110 calories. Meaning we ought to consume more of carrots than pretzels in order to maintain good dietary practices. Snap peas is another example of a highly nutritious food, doctors advocate that we ought to take them in large quantities. Personally I am big fan of snap peas because of their sweet taste. Snap peas contain little concentration of cholesterol, sodium and fats. In addition it is rich in Riboflavin, Pantothenic Acid, Magnesium, Phosphorus and Potassium. Besides, I would recommend you to increase the consumption of snap peas because they are rich in fiber which is vital for the body. Its serving size is half a cup of cooked snap peas which is 80g translates to 60 calories. Unlike snap peas, chips fall under junk food and have varied adverse effects on our health. For instance, they contain too much calories and cholesterol. Junk food has been identified globally as a source of bad cholesterol which causes complications such as heart disease and stroke. My advice to you is to reduce or avoid the consumption of chips to avoid bad cholesterol and the risks associated with

Constipation (Advanced pharmacology) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Constipation (Advanced pharmacology) - Assignment Example It is given in a low dose initially and later increased to the maximum dose for effectiveness. However, in cases where the individual does not respond to Aricept and the dementia worsens, doctors begin prescription with Namenda which has been approved for the treatment of advanced forms of the disease. In some cases both the drugs are also given in combination. Screening of dementia in a primary care setting initially utilizes a rapid screening tool for memory loss such as the Mini-Cog or Family Questionnaire which are easy and can be administered by nurses or a medical assistant. If these initial tools are indicative of memory loss the patient is then subjected to a second cognitive assessment using tools such as Mini Mental State Examination which also take about 10-15 minutes to administer. Based on the scores the person is referred to a dementia specialist. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties of the four drugs used in dementia are different. Donepezil selectively inhibits acetylcholinesterase with a half-life of 70 h, Galantamine is also a selective inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase but also has a modulating effect on presynaptic nicotinic receptors and has a half-life of 6-8 h. both these drugs are metabolized by specific cytochrome oxidases in the liver. Rivastigmine is an irreversible inhibitor of both acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase with a short half-life of 1-2 h. It is metabolized by esterases in the liver and intestine. Memantine is a low-affinity antagonist of NMDA class of receptors and has a half-life of 70 h. It is mainly eliminated unchanged via the kidneys. The most common adverse effects of acetylcholinesterase are nausea, vomiting diarrhea, muscle cramps, fatigue, headache, pain, common cold, and urinary incontinence. Rare side effects include bradycardia and sinoartrial and atrioventricular blocks. In case of Memantine, drug hypersensitivity, dizziness, hypertension, constipation and headache are common.

Syria Revolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Syria Revolution - Research Paper Example The Syrian uprising compared to the Tunisian and Egyptian revolutions was grounded on the revolt of peasants, a Sunni periphery protest against the regime of Baath that turned its back on the Syrian local population, (Hinnebusch 12). Later on, the uprising took on diverse dimensions with Muslim Brotherhoods – Jihadists – entering into the conflict because of the heretical aspects of the regime and due to its alliance with Iran Shiites and Hezbollah. Consequently, because of Jihad, various demonstrators from across the Arabic and Islamic world have emerged in Syria, although, the slogan of Jihad did not trigger Syrians to enter into the uprising. Another dimension that emerged during the uprising is revenge, basing from the extreme violent efforts from the regime to halt the protest waves. According to experts, the brutality of the reign acted to extend the circle of the protestors involved in the uprising, (Starr 41). A number of people who later joined the protest were encouraged by the desire to avenge their family member, friends, and relatives’ bloodshed, and destruction of their properties, cities, and settlements by the forces of the regime during the uprising. ... Similarly, the regime appeared to have neglected the periphery and the local populations. In the start of 2006, the Syrians faced a tremendous and acute drought and the Jazira location in the south and northeastern part of the nation experienced such as Hawran and Dara experienced the extreme destruction. This is because such regions were extremely affected the new economic policies of the government that sought to alter the Syrian economy character from a socialist to a social market oriented economy, (Phares 74). These policies intended to open the nation to the global economy, foster foreign investment and create activity in the local and private spheres to promote growth of economy and allow the regime to bear the economic and domestic limitations. The policies too enabled economic growth to allow the nation to overcome other challenges such as rapid population growth, infrastructural underdevelopment, overdependence of agriculture, and lack of technological industry. Assad suppo rted the new policy and overlooked the significance of the socialist party ideology of Baath, its networking and institutions in the local region. Assad response and effects of the uprising Assad responded to the revolution and protest by providing reforms and ordering the military to calm the uprisings. Various clashed have occurred in Hama, Homs and other places, however, bombings and demonstrations have started occurring in Aleppo and Damascus. Syrian protests have proved their staying power irrespective of the various deaths and substantial joint efforts to suppress the protest, daily demonstrations have continued. Similarly, the longer the